Shipping is currently dependent on advanced shipboard electronics. It provides up-to-date and accurate information, such as the depth of the water, nearby objects, currents, and the location of the ship. One of the elements of navigation equipment is a sonar. What is it for, how does it work, and what types do we distinguish?What is an echo sounder and how does it work?
An echo sounder is a ship's equipment that is used to measure depth or determine the distance between a ship and an object in the water.The phenomenon of echolocation is used in echo sounders. This is an estimate of the distance between us and the object based on how long it took the sonar wave to reach the object and back. Sonar emits sonar waves and then picks them up when they bounce off the bottom or an object. Knowing the speed of sound in water and the time from radiation to receiving the reflected signal, you can calculate the distance to the object from which the sound wave was reflected.Sounds (most often ultrasounds) are generated by a piezoelectric transducer. Modern sonars transform reflected sonar waves into an image of the seabed. They are used in navigation, exploring the bottom and objects under the surface of the water, and in fishing.Types of echo sounders
Fast operation, reliability and high accuracy are expected from modern marine electronics. Modern echo sounder models meet these conditions. They differ in the degree of technical perfection, measurement accuracy, transmitter power, audio frequency, measurement memory, power supply, or additional functions.A separate group consists of hydrographic echo sounders. They are used to measure depth. The data from them is plotted on navigation maps. They are also used to manage underwater infrastructure, search and identify objects. The principle of operation is the same, but the degree of promotion is higher. This type of echo sounder provides very accurate data.In this group are the so-called multipath sonars. They are capable of generating up to several thousand depth points in one working cycle. Their advantage over single-beam echo sounders is the ability to explore large areas in a short time. They work well at great depths, but require additional equipment. Single-beam and multipath echo sounders complement each other, and each of them has applications in hydrography. So, we have listed the sports and casino bonus rules in this section. The bookmaker 1win offers several options for using the 1win promo code claim a 500% bonus up to 130$ on sports betting and 30% cashback on casino games today. With the 1win sports deposit bonus, you can get 500% of your deposit as a welcome bonus after using the bonus code 1win. Participating in this offer has no minimum deposit limit. With all the details of 1win welcome bonuses for sports betting and casino games, let us now give you quick steps to claim them.